{"id":7119,"date":"2015-07-20T22:51:52","date_gmt":"2015-07-20T22:51:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tydaikho.com\/khoa-hoc-thuong-thuc\/chuyen-luan-hoi\/the-nghiem-can-tu-tai-trung-quoc-dieu-tra-sau-dong-dat-tai-duong-son\/"},"modified":"2015-07-20T22:51:52","modified_gmt":"2015-07-20T22:51:52","slug":"the-nghiem-can-tu-tai-trung-quoc-dieu-tra-sau-dong-dat-tai-duong-son","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/demo.vnno1.net\/index.php\/2015\/07\/20\/the-nghiem-can-tu-tai-trung-quoc-dieu-tra-sau-dong-dat-tai-duong-son\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn-t\u1eed t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u2014 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra sau \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u0110i\u1ec1u ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, hay l\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. H\u1ecd nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1edf b\u00ean trong b\u1ed9 \u00f3c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu suy ngh\u0129.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1976 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c (\u1ea2nh t\u1eeb Earthquake.usgs.gov)<\/em><\/div>\n

Ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 7, 1976, tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn t\u1ea1i \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m h\u01a1n 240 ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 160 ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb7ng. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 y t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Trung qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd b\u1ecb ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1ng g\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 b\u1ecb s\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Theo nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ghi ch\u00e9p n\u00e0y, h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t n\u00f3i l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng trong th\u1eddi gian nguy hi\u1ec3m, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3, m\u00e0 tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i t\u00e2m tr\u00ed h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh v\u00e0 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i. Trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ho\u1ea3ng h\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u01b0\u1edbt qua r\u1ea5t nhanh trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c nhau xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1edbp b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 vui v\u1ebb. K\u00fd \u1ee9c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00fat gi\u00e2y vui s\u01b0\u1edbng trong th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u, l\u1ec5 c\u01b0\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi\u2019 ho\u1eb7c \u2018h\u1ed3i \u1ee9c to\u00e0n \u1ea3nh\u2019.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, hay l\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. H\u1ecd nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1edf b\u00ean trong b\u1ed9 \u00f3c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu suy ngh\u0129.<\/p>\n

1\/3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c l\u1ea1 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111ang \u1edf b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111i xuy\u00ean qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m. \u0110\u00f4i l\u00fac, n\u00f3 \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u1ecb k\u00e9o v\u00e0 \u00e9p l\u1ea1i. H\u1ecd g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u2018kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m\u2019. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m; h\u1ecd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u2018\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn\u2019.<\/p>\n

G\u1ea7n 1\/4 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ef1 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng sinh m\u1ec7nh v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, hay l\u00e0 ma. Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng sinh m\u1ec7nh m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e2n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f9ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3. Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0, h\u1ecd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng, ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ee5. Nh\u1eefng g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t \u2018gi\u1ed1ng ma\u2019 \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao tr\u00f9m trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u2018\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng\u2019. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2018thay h\u00ecnh\u2019 theo nh\u1eefng quan ni\u1ec7m trong t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t sau tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean 81 cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n h\u1eefu \u00edch. H\u1ecd x\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh 40 lo\u1ea1i: s\u1ef1 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 n\u1eefa. Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m qua 2 ho\u1eb7c 3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Sau khi \u2018tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb c\u00f5i ch\u1ebft\u2019, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f2n nh\u1edb r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn-t\u1eed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u1ea3 10 ho\u1eb7c 20 n\u0103m sau. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf Trung qu\u1ed1c gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u: \u00abY h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang\u00bb s\u1ed1 5 (1993), trang 34-35, Nh\u00e0 in Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110i\u1ec1u ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, hay l\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. H\u1ecd nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7153,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1063],"tags":[1067,913,874],"class_list":["post-7119","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-luan-hoi","tag-can-tu","tag-dong-dat","tag-trung-quoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo.vnno1.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7119","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo.vnno1.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo.vnno1.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo.vnno1.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo.vnno1.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7119"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/demo.vnno1.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7119\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo.vnno1.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7153"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo.vnno1.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7119"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo.vnno1.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7119"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo.vnno1.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7119"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}